Post-traumatic osteoarthritis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture, approaches to pharmacotherapy

Post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) is an inflammatory and degenerative disease that occurs as a result of the joint structures injury. It common pathology, accounting for approximately 12% all cases (OA). PTOA often in people young productive age, progresses rapidly, causing chronic pain increasing dysfunction. Individuals undergoing replacement are, on average, 10 years younger than those with primary OA. The time interval from moment injury to onset typical radiological signs varies widely – 1 year 15–20 years.The main injuries cause are intra-articular fractures, anterior cruciate ligament injuries, meniscus rupture dislocation patella knee joint, dislocations damage ligamentous apparatus ankle shoulder joints.The pathogenesis determined by inflammation accompanied macrophage activation, hyperproduction cytokines, primarily interleukin (IL) 1â, chemokines growth factors, progressive destruction tissue changes (fibrosis, neoangiogenesis, osteophytosis).Pathogenetic treatment PTOA, which would stop progression disease, has not been developed. possibility using inhibitors IL1â, IL6, tumor necrosis factor á, glucocorticoids, hyaluronic acid, autologous cell based therapy under study. control requires prescription traditional drugs used practice managing patients In particular, use symptomatic delayed-acting agents, such injectable form chondroitin sulfate, seems be appropriate.